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Umdlalo wezinkinga uyaqhubeka. Into emangalisayo: kubonakala kudala kwaziwa ukuthi ukushaqeka kwezomnotho kwenza abampofu kuphela babe ngabampofu, kuyilapho abacebile beletha imali eyengeziwe. Okusho ukuthi, uma ubheka okwenzekayo nge-prism yezindiza ezizimele nezamabhizinisi, ngombono, ukuchuma kufanele kubhekwe. Kepha cha, bonga ongakwenza. Hhayi-ke asonge. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunendlela yalokhu – izindiza ohlelweni lwemilenze olungenalutho.
Khanyisa
Izindiza zomhlaba zomphakathi azivelanga ngokuzumayo, kepha zathuthukiswa ngendlela yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ukuze abe ibhizinisi elinenzuzo, wayedinga okuningi: izindiza ezinesivinini esikhulu, izikhumulo zezindiza zesimanje, uhlelo lokulawula ukuhamba kwezindiza, ukuxhumana nokuzulazula, njalonjalo. Yonke le migilingwane yezobuchwepheshe neyenhlangano ilandele inhloso enkulu: ukuqinisekisa ukulayishwa kwamandla okuphatha. Kalula nje, izindiza kufanele zindize njalo, ngoba kulapho kuphela lapho zizoba nenzuzo khona. Kusukela endizeni esemhlabathini, inkampani yezindiza iyingozi eyodwa.
Izindiza ezizimele nezamabhizinisi zikhululeke kakhulu kuleso sinqumo esinzima senzuzo, ngoba sisebenza ngokuya ngesikimu esiguquguquka kalula futhi asilondolozi kumentshisi. Noma kunjalo, inzalo yokuthola imali eyengeziwe ikhona nalapha.
Indiza yebhizinisi iphuma ngaphandle kwesimiso, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kwesikimu esivamile, ngakho-ke imvamisa kufanele “ithwale umoya”, ebiza kakhulu kwezindiza. Ngalesi sizathu, izindiza zikhokhelwa ngazo zombili izindlela.
Ake sithi ikhasimende lindiza lisuka eMoscow liya eLondon. Indiza, ngokwesibonelo, iseMunich. Kungani iMunich? Kulula kakhulu: ukuzinza eYurophu kushibhile kakhulu kunaseRussia. Ngakho-ke, ikhasimende alikhokhele indiza yalo kuphela eMoscow – eLondon, kodwa futhi nangokuhamba kwendiza engenalutho esuka eMunich iye eVnukovo.
Izindleko zendiza ngayinye zakhiwa ngezinto eziningi: uphethiloli, imali yokuseva esikhumulweni sezindiza, imali yokuhamba, amaholo abasebenzi, kanye nenqwaba yemali ebanjwayo. Empeleni, imali ekhokhwayo yokuthuthwa kwesihlalo esisodwa sabagibeli ukusuka ephoyinti A kuya endaweni B ayisona isabelo esikhulu kangako enanini eliphelele. Eqinisweni, umgibeli osendizeni yesivumelwano ukhokhela wonke umjikelezo wokusebenza, lapho indiza yakhe iyingxenye yawo. Futhi enye ingxenye ngukuhamba ngendiza engenalutho, okubizwa ngokuthi umlenze ongenalutho (ngokwezwi nezwi – “imilenze engenalutho”, okusho ukuthi “ukukhanya”). Yilapho kunethuba lokuthola inzuzo eyengeziwe – ukuthatha umgibeli odlulayo. Inzuzo yomgibeli yithuba lokundiza cishe ngentengo uhhafu.
Ukuthengiswa komoya
Yize ukulethwa kwendiza engenalutho esikhumulweni sezindiza sokusuka noma ukubuyela kwayo esisekelweni kuhlala kukhokhwa yikhasimende lesivumelwano sebhizinisi, wona lowo mgomo wokuthuthwa komoya bekulokhu kuyinkinga engaxazululiwe ezindizeni zebhizinisi. Ngempela – ukungathumeli umshayeli webhanoyi esikhumulweni sokumema abagibeli abadlulayo? Ngemuva kwakho konke, inkinga yokuhamba isixazululwa emahoreni ambalwa, futhi bekungenakwenzeka ukuthumela imininingwane ngayo kusengaphambili.
Isixazululo senkinga kwakuyi-Intanethi. Namuhla emhlabeni kunezinsizakusebenza eziningi ze-Intanethi ezihlala zithumela uhlu lwakamuva lwemilenze engenalutho. Kukhona izinsiza zomphakathi, kepha uhlu oluphelele kakhulu lokukhishwa okungenalutho lutholakala kuphela kubahlanganyeli bemakethe abaqeqeshiwe.
Ngendlela elula kakhulu, uhlelo lokusebenzisa amathrekhi angenalutho lubukeka kanjena. Umgibeli uyala ukuba asuke eMoscow aye eLondon, ngemuva kwalokho indiza kuzofanele ibuyele endaweni yayo, ngokwesibonelo, eMunich. Inkampani opharetha ishicilela imininingwane ngomlenze ongenalutho kusisetshenziswa semilenze esingenalutho kusengaphambili, futhi ngemuva kokuqeda i-oda elikhulu, ibamba indiza esikhumulweni sezindiza, ilinde ithuba elifanele lokuthengisa umlenze ongenalutho uwonke noma ingxenye.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umgibeli ongahle abe nomlenze ongenalutho akudingeki ukuthi ahambe ngqo emzileni waseLondon – eMunich, uma kunesidingo, angandiza esuka eLondon aye kwenye indawo, noma indiza izokhishwa isuka eLondon iye esikhumulweni sezindiza esidingekayo.
Inani lokonga, yebo, liyashintshashintsha kuye ngezimo, ngoba inketho yendiza eyonga kakhulu ukuqondana okuphelele komzila, ngenkathi uma kuguquka, umthengi womlenze ongenalutho uzokhokha imali ethe xaxa. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, ungathembela ngokuphepha kokulondolozwa okungenani okungu-15%, noma ngabe indiza kufanele ilahle umgibeli kwenye indawo engekho emzileni omkhulu. Ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene, kukhangiswa izaphulelo ezinhle kakhulu – kufika ku-60% wezindleko zendiza. Mhlawumbe kuhle ukuthi iphumelele, kepha izibalo zangempela zikule ndawo engama-30-40%. Lokhu kuningi, kufanele uvume. Njengoba uScrooge omdala ayevame ukusho, “imali elondoloziwe yimali etholakele.”
Usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi ekupakisheni
Uhlu lokuxhumana olusesikhathini samanje lwemilenze engenalutho manje seluthunyelwe kuzinsizakusebenza eziningi, kepha akulula kangako ukulusebenzisa: imvamisa izinhlu aziphelele, ngoba ukushicilelwa kwabo ngandlela thile kuncike ebudlelwaneni babahlanganyeli bemakethe. Izinhlelo zobungcweti ziyizazi zabachwepheshe.
Isibonelo, i-European system Avinode, eyenzelwe ukubhukha izindiza zokuqasha, iqukethe izindawo ezingaba yinkulungwane zokuthengisa izindiza ezingenalutho nsuku zonke, kepha itholakala kuphela kubahlinzeki nakubathengisi, okungukuthi, isebenza ngokuya ngebhizinisi nohlelo lwebhizinisi . Empeleni, ngumhlanganyeli osebenza kahle emakethe kuphela ongathenga iphakethe lezinsizakalo zalesi simiso sekhompyutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima kakhulu kumuntu ojwayelekile ukukuqonda.
Izinsizakusebenza ezijwayelekile ziyindaba ehlukile. Aziniki ukufinyelela okuqondile kubasebenzisi, futhi ama-broker athumela imininingwane kumasayithi anjalo. Eqinisweni, lena yimakethe ye-Intanethi lapho noma ngubani angangena futhi aqaphe masinyane uhlu lwamanje lokunikezwa kwemilenze engenalutho. ERussia, insiza enjalo iJetonline.ru. Imilenze engenalutho inikezela ngohlu kungatholakala kwamanye amakhona we-Intanethi, ngisho nakumawebhusayithi ezinkampani zokuhamba, kepha lokhu akusona isikali esifanayo.
Eqinisweni, bekuwukuvela nje komthombo owodwa onamandla owenze ukuthi kube lula ukusesha okunikezwayo ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo, ngoba kwakunzima kakhulu ukusebenza neziza eziningi ezihlukanisiwe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, umlenze ongenalutho ungumkhiqizo owonakalayo, impumelelo yokuthengisa lapha incike esikhathini.
Intshisekelo yokundiza enemilenze engenalutho manje kunanini ngaphambili. Kuze kube muva nje, bebengabasebenzisi abaningi bokusungula umqulu webhizinisi, futhi namuhla ithuba lokuthenga indiza ngenani lentengo liya ngokuya libe nentshisekelo kulabo ngaphambili ababekhokhela ngokufanelekile isisekelo esigcwele emahlombe womabili. Ukuthengisa amathrekhi angenalutho kwenza impilo ibe lula kakhulu kubathengi. Ngomqondo othile, lesi yisinkwa sabo kuphela: kwezinye izimo, umlenze ongenalutho kuphela ovumela umthengisi ukuthi afeze i-oda ngenzuzo.
Uma ukuthandwa kwemilenze engenalutho kuqhubeka nokukhula ngesilinganiso samanje, kungahle kube nesimo lapho inani lokunikezwayo lizoqala ukwehla futhi izindleko zikhuphuke. Kakade, abanye ababambiqhaza bezimakethe bacabanga ukuthi ngabe uhlelo lokuthengisa ama-run angenalutho luzobhekana nokushoda kwezindiza zomthetho ezikhokhelwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kubukeka sengathi kufana nenganekwane: ngisho nenkinga yezomnotho yomhlaba ayizange igxeke umqulu webhizinisi njengesimo, futhi uma inkanyezi enomsila ishaya uMhlaba, imilenze engenalutho ngeke isisize.
Beka amazwana
ULeonid Koshelev, uSihlalo weBhodi labaqondisi beJet-2000:
Kuvele ezingenalutho umlenze Isaphulelo lingafika ku-40% off intengo sisekelo njalo, ngakho umgibeli uthola indiza ngentengo ekhangayo. Sivame ukuphendukela ekufuneni imilenze engenalutho , njengoba silwela ukunciphisa izindleko zamakhasimende ethu. Futhi, izicelo zisanda kuba zivame kakhulu, lapho amaklayenti ngokwawo ebeka ukuthi anentshisekelo kuphela emlenzeni ongenalutho. On imilenze ezingenalutho akhawunti 5-10% izindiza kwezohwebo lenkampani yethu. Sisebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Avinode ukucinga okunikezwayo. Ngokubona kwethu, manje isetshenziswa inani elikhulu kakhulu labahlanganyeli bemakethe, okwenza kube lula ukusesha.
Umbhali: Alexander SHVYDKIN
Umthombo: IJet Magazine # 9 (67)
